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Ghost Towns and History of
Montana Newsletter
MOOSE CREEK RANGER STATION
From the River Press, Feb. 3, 1897
This is the oldest district headquarters on the Helena National Forest that
still exists. The Forest Service
had several facilities built with
this standard design and is an
example of the organized
“infrastructure” the agency developed
in the early years.
Records indicate that this site
was put into use on April 6,
1908. A 1911 map shows facilities
on both sides of the creek and up Moose Creek as well. Correspondence
dated 1912 mentions a log house 27 x 29 feet, a log barn 21 x 29 feet, and a
log chicken house 11 x 2 feet. This ranger station was in use until 1928 when
the district was combined with the McClellan District in the North Elkhorns.
Headquarters moved to Helena.
This location then became part of a Civilian Conservation Corps camp which
was established just up the road (where snowmobile parking lot is located).
After that, it became part of a war dog training facility during World War II.
Correspondence in 1939 from a Forest Supervisor to a Regional Forester
noted: It is planned at this time that the Camp Rimini Superintendent will
occupy the station residence and that the entire station including residence,
barn and pasture will be reconditioned for use after the CCC camp is moved.
In 1946 the cabin was authorized under the terms of a special use permit
and private entities used the cabin recreationally for many years. In 1998
the station was deeded back to the Forest Service and has undergone considerable
restoration efforts. This cabin is eligible for listing in the National
Register of Historic Places and is maintained and managed for its historic
and recreational value. It is now on the cabin rental program for your enjoyAccessed
via: https://montananewspapers.org
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@P a g e 2
G h o s t T o w n s a n d H i s t o r y o f
M o n t a n a N e w s l e t t e r
ment. Please help us maintain the past for the future. If you would like more information, please contact
the Helena Ranger District at 406-449-5201. Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forest Historical information
excerpted from Home on the Range, Montana’s Eastside Ranger Stations, author Vicky MacLean
KADING
GUARD STATION
The original cow-camp cabin built by C.J. Kading
A letter dated April 13, 1912 from the Forest
Supervisor to Assistant Ranger Mizner instructs
him to select a site for a ranger station in the
vicinity of Kading Cabin and to get help from
Ranger Sheehey if needed. A report from 1913
from Ranger Sheehey: “that this is a good location
being between the Blackfoot Station and
the Burnt Hollow Station. The Blackfoot telephone line passes through here and trails radiate out in all
directions.” The report stated that the cabin was built by C.J. Kading of Deer Lodge as a cow camp, but
was not presently in use. It was used by the Ranger as a stopping point and he went on to recommend
the site be used for administrative purposes. The present Kading Cabin was built by the Civilian Conservation
Corps in 1941. A letter dated October 1940 from Forest Service personnel stated that the plan
for this location was for a two-room cabin. Evidently plans changed because the Kading Cabin ended up
as the small, one-room structure you see today. In recent years, recreation and historic preservation
have become important aspects of the agency’s mission. The cabin was restored in the 1990s. It is eligible
for listing in the National Register of Historic Places and is maintained and managed for its historic
and recreational value. It has been placed on the Forest Service cabin rental program for your enjoyment.
Please help us maintain the past for the future. If you would like more information, please contact
the Helena Ranger District at 406-449-5201. Helena-Lewis and Clark National Forest Historical information
excerpted from The Helena National Forest, The Early Days, author Vicky MacLean. Information
on Montana’s Historical Cabins and photos provided by: https://www.fs.usda.gov/
Claims in the Cataract Mining District were made
in the early 1860s as prospectors made their way
from Fort Benton to the Grasshopper Creek diggings
near Bannack. The Cataract Creek claims
were acquired by James and Granville Stuart, and
Reece Anderson who built cabins at the mouth of
the creek. These boys were also credited with the
gold strike made at Gold Creek a few years earlier.
Photo by Jolene Ewert-Hintz
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G h o s t T o w n s a n d H i s t o r y o f
M o n t a n a N e w s l e t t e r
2009 MONTANA COWBOY HALL OF FAME INDUCTEE
LEGACY AWARD DISTRICT 6
W.E. “LIMESTONE” WILSON (1860 – 1938)
William E. Wilson, known later in life as “Limestone” or Limerock” was
born November 5, 1860 at Berrian Springs, Michigan. At eight years
old he moved with his parents to Holt County, Missouri. While living
there and in Oregon, he completed a common school education.
Imbued with romantic notions from reading frontier stories while
quite young, Mr. Wilson yearned to go west and discover a gold mine.
When the Black Hills excitement broke out in 1878, his parents moved
to Deadwood, South Dakota where his father established a lucrative
business as a gardener, selling fresh vegetables to the miners and their
families.
In 1879, Wilson went prospecting in the Black Hills. He didn’t have
much use for his father who by then had married five times, so in the spring of 1881 at 20 years old,
with companion George Neligh, he set out on foot for Montana Territory. Being unfamiliar with conditions
and deceived by false reports, they nearly starved to death on the way. While encounters
with the Sioux impeded their travel, they were able to reach the mouth of O’Fallon Creek near present
day Fallon, Montana where they passed some buffalo hunters loaded with meat for the Northern
Pacific railroad camps. This happenstance led to Wilson going to work for Brown and Dewey on the
Northern Pacific grade near Cabin Creek, about 35 miles north of Glendive. Soon tiring of his railroad
job, Wilson sought to go mining and headed down the Yellowstone and Missouri Rivers in a
‘borrowed’ boat headed for Kansas City and onto New Mexico. He wrecked the boat on ice at or near
Bismarck, North Dakota. Nearly broke and out of a job he headed back for Montana in the winter of
1881-82.
After rambling around all winter, Wilson landed in Maiden on April 15, 1882 without a dollar in his
pocket. He made a grubstake working at placer mining and then started prospecting. In the fall of
1883, he found an ore lead in limestone around the edge of a ridge and named it the Gilt Edge. Further
work disclosed a good-sized ore body. The public would not believe there was ore to be found,
and Wilson was unable to raise the money to develop it.
Wilson later entered into a period of ten years of hard work as he was finally able to acquire money
from different partners for his mining development. Several who skipped the country and left Wilson
with debts to settle. He was snowed in one winter in the Judith Mountains for two months with
nothing but his dog and guitar for company. Wilson’s work continued to be ridiculed while some
people even went so far as to call him crazy. During those discouraging but hopeful years he laid the
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G h o s t T o w n s a n d H i s t o r y o f
M o n t a n a N e w s l e t t e r
foundation for the profitable mining development of Fergus County. He disagreed with the common
theory that there was no use looking for gold in the limestone. From this he received his
name “Limestone” or “Limerock,” a title he was proud of. In his conversations he called himself
Limestone Bill. He eventually succeeded in interesting some Helena investors in the Gilt Edge
mine and sold it to the Great Northern Mining and Development Company for $32,000. A mill was
built in 1893, and the town of Gilt Edge was named for the mine. The mill was the second in the
United States to use the “cyanide process” on a commercial scale. About $1,250,000 in gold ore
was processed at this mill.
Limestone continued to prospect all over the Judith Mountains, looking for ore bodies in the limestone.
He strongly believed the great mines of the United States would use the cyanide process
and that those ores would be found in the limestone. He often stated that ore was where you find
it and not where it was supposed to be.
In 1900, Wilson married Margaret E. Wampler of Chicago and settled in a handsomely furnished
home in Maiden. Limestone eagerly pursued self-education himself and acquired an extensive library.
He enjoyed quoting many of the classics word-for-word. Wilson stood 6’4” and slender in
build. He was well known for his beautiful bass voice. Tragically the Wilson’s home in Maiden
burned to the ground taking all their possessions including Limestone’s valuable library and photo
collection of early mines and miners. In 1912, Margaret died and was buried in the Lewistown
City Cemetery. Sometime after his wife’s death, Limestone moved to a cabin near the mouth of
Maiden Canyon not far from Gilt Edge. He continued to prospect and advance his claims. Limestone
soon developed a reputation as a gardener, a talent he no doubt acquired from his father.
His potatoes were widely known and at one time he sold them to the Northern Pacific for use on
their liners.
One distinguishing feature of Limestone was being very particular and detailed in all his endeavors.
The tunnels in his mine were a work of art and looked as though they had been laid out with a
transit. He insisted that all loose debris be cleaned out at the end of every shift. In his nearly 56
years of prospecting, Wilson is known to have driven over 2,000 feet of tunnel with his own hands.
His last work of any consequence was done in Alpine Gulch in the Judith Mountains in 1927. The
tunnel he drove can still be plainly seen.
In intermittently ailing health, he waged a losing fight against the infirmities of age and died in the
Deaconess Hospital in Great Falls on July 17, 1938. He was buried beside his wife, Margaret in the
Lewistown City Cemetery. –Courtesy of the Montana Cowboy Hall of Fame, montanacowboyfame.org
Sources: Lewiston Democrat News (Christmas Edition), December 1937. “Gold in the Judiths” by W. E.
Wilson, also “a Buffalo Hunt in ‘81” by W. E. Wilson., Fergus County Argus-1901 Pictorial Edition. Page 9-10, “Fergus,
A Miniature of the West”. By C. B. Worthen, Lewistown Democrat News, July 18 & 19, 1938., A History of MontanaBurlingame
& Toole Vol. II. Page 156.
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G h o s t T o w n s a n d H i s t o r y o f
M o n t a n a N e w s l e t t e r
Brussels Carpet
Floor coverings on the Montana frontier were a luxury only
the wealthy could afford. Turkish carpets were the most
expensive, but British-made Brussels floor coverings were
a near second. Harriet Sanders packed two expensive
Brussels carpets in the covered wagon that brought her
family West from Ohio. One of the carpets covered the
floor in her home in Virginia City, but the other she had
no use for and stored it away. Worried that the mice or
moths might find it tasty, she was one day inspecting the
carpet for damage when a merchant acquaintance happened
by. He asked what she was doing and Harriet told
him that she had no use for the carpet but hated to see it
destroyed by varmints. The merchant offered to sell it for her. Harriett had little hope that the
merchant could find a buyer, as Virginia City was so primitive and staples so expensive, she imagined
that no one would have use for such a luxury. So she consented and it wasn’t long before the
merchant returned and handed her $500 in gold dust. Harriett could hardly believe it, and wondered
who had paid such a price for her carpet. She soon discovered the carpet’s fate. The merchant
cut it in strips and sold it at $20 a yard. There were no smooth boards at this early date in
Virginia City, and so merchants used the carpet to cover their rough counters. Miners often spilled
their bags on the carpet in weighing the dust. When word of the next gold strike prompted the
merchant to move on to the next boomtown, he burned the carpet and realized handsome sums
from the gold dust captured in the pile. -Ellen Baumler
Ellen Baumler is an award-winning author and Montana historian. A master at linking history with modern-day supernatural events, Ellen's
The Brussels carpet in this photo is on display at
the Grant-Kohrs Ranch.
Photo courtesy Grant-Kohrs Ranch Foundation.
true stories have delighted audiences across the state. She lives in Helena in a century-old house with her husband, Mark, and its resident spirits.
To view and purchase Ellen’s books, visit: http://ellenbaumler.blogspot.com/p/my-books.html
Here's an ad that appeared in The Kendall Miner Newspaper on February 9, 1906. It reads: No
Better Time than now to buy lots in The Great Gold Camp. Kendall's Advantages: The eyes of the
mining world are centered upon Kendall.
It is situated in the center of a great gold
producing area and fabulous wealth lies
within its very limits. The operating
mines employ 300 men, and numerous
prospective mines upon which large ore
bodies have been discovered, are completing
arrangements for the building of
plants and mills. Population, 1,200. Adequate
water supply and electric light
service. Location: picturesque and most desirable for the building of a city. School facilities unsurpassed.
Lots range in value from $50 to $1,500 (will never be cheaper than they are today). We are
brokers and headquarters for stock in the following well known mining companies. It will pay you to
investigate. Cyanide Gold Mining Company, Abbey Gold Mining Company, Paymaster Gold Mining
Company. For further information, call on or address, Kendall Investment Co.
Photo by Jolene Ewert-Hintz
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G h o s t T o w n s a n d H i s t o r y o f
M o n t a n a N e w s l e t t e r
One Two Three Fire! – The Duel That Didn’t – 1896
Missoula’s Only Duel
Several documented fatal duels have occurred throughout the United
States, the most famous one between Alexander Hamilton and Aaron
Burr in 1804. A long list of known duels begins in the late 18th century
and usually involved encounters between men who lived east of the Mississippi.
But by the mid-1800’s the participants were moving west. One
of these took place in California in 1859 and is sometimes called the last
notable American duel.
Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs
Division, Alfred Bendiner Memorial
Collection, [reproduction number,
e.g., LC-USZ62-90145]
It occurred between David C. Broderick, a U. S. Senator, and David S.
Terry who was a former Chief Justice of the California State Supreme
Court. Terry had previously stabbed a man in 1856 and was known as hot
-tempered. Terry was a strong advocate of slavery, while Senator Broderick
was antislavery. Dueling being illegal in San Francisco, they moved
their fray to Lake Merced just south of the city. At the signal to open fire
Senator Broderick’s gun misfired, while Terry shot the Senator in the
chest. He died three days later. The political fallout from that duel was
felt across the country when the antislavery element made the Senator a martyr for their cause. Although
California had been admitted to the Union as a free state in 1850, the cause of slavery remained a powerful
influence there for decades.
Later, several duels featured the quick-draw, the most famous one involving ‘Wild Bill’ Hickok who killed
his man in Missouri in 1865, after losing his watch in a card game. Another celebrated quick-draw duel occurred
in Arizona in 1882 and involved Wyatt Earp.
If Montana ever hosted a duel, it isn’t well documented. Still, there appeared to be some concern in what later
became the state of Montana when laws outlawing dueling were passed by a Territorial legislature in Virginia
City in the 1860’s. Legislators may have recognized the potential for dueling when dozens of men were
robbed and their assailants hanged in the lawless days of Bannack and Virginia City. Gunfighting and killing
were rife during the Vigilante days but the formal term ‘duel’ wasn’t used as a description.
Almost 2/3 of a century had passed when a killing at Superior, Montana in 1923 was described as a “duel” in
The Daily Missoulian. A Matt Miers was given an obituary in the newspaper that stated the following:
“Funeral services in memory of Matt Miers were conducted at the Forkenbrock chapel yesterday by Father
Meade of St. Anthony’s church. Mr. Miers was killed at Superior last Saturday, being fatally shot in a duel
with Harry Echardt.”
A coroner’s jury was empaneled for that killing and found there had indeed been a gunfight at a local hotel,
with Miers allegedly under the influence of alcohol when it happened. Earlier, he had threatened Harry Echardt
with a pistol and had been disarmed by the proprietor of the hotel. But Miers returned later with a rifle
while Echardt sat at a dining table. As Miers opened fire on Echardt, he was met by return fire which caused
his death. A murder charge was brought against Harry Echardt but dropped by the county attorney the following
day. It was not a duel in the classical sense.
Something that had the earmarks of a real duel occurred in Missoula in 1896. Shocking their fellow citizens,
the participants took pains to announce their intentions and the Daily Missoulian seized the moment, publishing
an entertaining scoop about it.
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G h o s t T o w n s a n d H i s t o r y o f
M o n t a n a N e w s l e t t e r
The story went thus:
ONE . TWO. T HR E E . F I R E .
A Duel to Take Place on the South Side at 9 o’clock This Sunday Morning.
PRELIMINARIES HAVE BEEN ARRANGED
John Dorr and James Olson Will Shed Blood If the Authorities Do Not Interfere.
“One. Two. Three. Fire.” These words have never been heard in Missoula but they will be this morning unless
the police interfere. A duel is to take place on the flat near the Bitter Root bridge at 9 o’clock. Principals and
seconds are ready, and a few invited friends will be on hand, also a physician if one can be found who is willing
to run the risk of arrest, in order to have the opportunity to show his surgical skill. This was the news
which came to the ears of a Missoulian reporter yesterday but he placed little credence in the story until it received
startling verification from the lips of one of the principals, who came to the Missoulian office and gave
a voluntary information about the affair on the tapis. He said it was sure to get in the papers and he was anxious
to have it in right. The cause of the duel he wanted known, in order that his friends would know how it
came about if he fell, but he did not propose to fall. His name, he said was John Dorr. He is a resident of Missoula.
He had had trouble with a man named James Olson, a resident of the Big Blackfoot country. Several
years ago they had a fight in which he succeeded in worsting his opponent. Not long after this they got into
another altercation in which Olson whipped him. They were then even to all appearances until yesterday
morning, when they met by chance at the Montana. After having a few drinks the old quarrel was renewed,
when Olson struck him in the face. This was more than he could stand and he challenged Olson to a duel. His
reasons for doing this, he says, was to settle their differences for all time. Olson accepted the challenge willingly,
and being the challenged person had the choice of weapons. He named revolvers, 45-calibre, and the
weapon was agreeable to him, as he is somewhat skilled in its use. They settled this matter among themselves
before they called in friends to arrange all preliminaries, and, after having chosen two men they could rely upon,
agreed to follow instructions. Their friends, after consultation, agreed as follows:
The weapons to be used are Colt’s revolvers, 45-calibre.
Seconds will load revolvers in the presence of the principals, the principals being allowed to examine the cartridges
which shall be centre fire.
Herom Hutter (Herman Huetter) shall be the referee and shall give the order to fire.
The principals shall take their places back to back and walk forward when the order “march” is given until ten
paces shall have been taken, when they shall stop at the command “halt,” remaining back to back.
At the count of “One. Two. Three” the men shall turn face to face, but must not fire until the command “Fire!”
is given.
If neither fall at the first fire the men shall advance firing at will until one or both fall or until the pistol of each
is empty.
If neither succeed in killing or wounding the other in six shots the duel shall continue if either desires.
Mr. Dorr said that Joe Smith was to be his second. As a favor he asked that the reporter would not tell the police.
He had not engaged an undertaker and did not anticipate needing one, for he was going into the duel with
the determination of winning. He was accompanied by another man who was a silent listener to all that had
been said. When the man who accompanied him was asked what he knew about the affair he said it was cor׉	 7cassandra://FIUTRNgA0sLqY0S-R111PM1T_uZh8pbVIpZkhwvunOY&` c%H$s`сc%H$s`Ё(בCט   (u׉׉	 7cassandra://hQPxLysvgkwYNBkdyjdjQUte34kBtZhRyLVUss9spgI ` ׉	 7cassandra://3HQ1eIqERgua3d5fRXAPPQdAbDOGfF6ZfMbCFq0twbE͇`s׉	 7cassandra://1Y31fkP_R4SUCx8jMU25ueZxTrkP28zNPX6KEXxRP0o$` ׉	 7cassandra://FtzA1hIxGe8_KqIgpyjObUM2fPugJxYI4-giHMO_Uk0ͧm͠]c%H$s`נc%H$s` '̌9׉Hhttp://www.oldmissoula.comGׁׁrנc%H$s` (̉9ׁHhttp://www.oldmissoula.comׁׁЈ׉EP a g e 8
G h o s t T o w n s a n d H i s t o r y o f
M o n t a n a N e w s l e t t e r
rect as Mr. Dorr had told it. During the afternoon James Olson was found at the Montana hotel. He was
asked about what had been told by Dorr, and claimed it was true with the exception of the statement made
by Dorr that he (Dorr) was going to come out the winner. He had not selected a second but had engaged a
man to arrange preliminaries. He had lots of friends and was not bothered on that score. All he wanted was
to get at his man and he was going to do it the next morning at 9 o’clock.
Each man was asked if he were not drunk or crazy to think of such a thing, but both were serious and
claimed that one or both must die.
The city marshal was found at the city hall in company with Policeman Keim and Constable Houtchens
about 4:30 in the afternoon. They had not heard a word about it until informed by the reporter. At first
they thought it was a hoax, but were soon convinced that it was really true that Dorr and Olson intended to
fight a duel. Whether they will be of the same opinion this morning is another question. If the men are in
the same frame of mind today as they were yesterday they are liable to go to the dueling ground; in such
an event they will be nabbed by the police and the undertakers cheated out of a job for a time at least.
The above article appeared in the Daily Missoulian on November 15, 1896.
CITIZENS INVITED
Another short article from the same day’s paper cheerfully invited citizens to watch:
Look out for the duel this morning. By taking a position on the Bitter Root bridge, you will be out of the
range of shots, probably, and can have a good view of the combatants.
DUEL DIDN’T COME OFF
Finally, on the following day, November 16, the Daily Missoulian found that they were sawn off the dueling
limb they had been perched on. A sheepish article acknowledged that it never occurred:
That duel didn’t come off yesterday according to plans and specifications. The principals, it is claimed,
overslept themselves. –Don Gilder
Don is a Missoula, Montana native with an inherent interest in local history. Three of his four grandparents were born in Montana and several
family members homesteaded and prospected Missoula’s Target Range. He shares his love of history at his blog: www.oldmissoula.com because
the past really matters!
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